Apple has not indicated which drives could be affected, but Retrodata reported earlier this year that Seagate 2.5-inch drives with firmware revision 7.01 were linked to potential data loss. As indicated in said information, “it seems that there are mechanical failures in the read / write heads, causing deep scratches on the surface of the platter, and therefore causing the units to be practically impossible to recover.”
You can check the firmware revision for the hard drive in the System Profile.